Genes involved in the formation of myelin, a fatty substance that sheathes neurons, are altered in brain tissue from autistic people and in several mouse models. The mice also have unusually few myelinated nerve fibers.

Researchers presented the unpublished findings yesterday at the 2019 Society for Neuroscience annual meeting in Chicago, Illinois.

“In general, across the whole spectrum, there’s a defect in myelination,” says Brady Maher, lead investigator at the Lieber Institute for Brain Development in Baltimore, Maryland.

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